💡Preparing for your Selenium WebDriver interview? Here's a quick roundup of essential questions to ace your next QA role. This blog provides a comprehensive list of commonly asked Selenium WebDriver interview questions with answers to help you ace your interview. 👇

1. What is Selenium WebDriver?

Selenium WebDriver is a web automation framework that enables testing of web applications across different browsers using a programming interface.

2. How is Selenium WebDriver different from Selenium RC?

WebDriver directly communicates with the browser, offering faster execution, whereas RC relies on a server for commands.

3. What are the key features of Selenium WebDriver?

Cross-browser support, dynamic element handling, language support (Java, Python, etc.), and integration with frameworks like TestNG or JUnit.

4. How do you launch a browser in Selenium WebDriver?

Using driver initialization:

WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(); 

5. How do you handle alerts in Selenium WebDriver?

Using the switchTo() method:

driver.switchTo().alert().accept(); 

6. What are locators in Selenium?

Locators identify elements on a webpage. Common types include ID, Name, XPath, CSS Selector, Class Name, and Tag Name.

7. How do you handle dropdowns in Selenium WebDriver?

By using the Select class:

Select dropdown = new Select(driver.findElement(By.id("dropdown"))); 

dropdown.selectByVisibleText("Option"); 

8. What is an implicit wait in Selenium?

Implicit wait sets a global timeout for element visibility:

driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS); 

9. What is an explicit wait?

Explicit wait waits for a specific condition using WebDriverWait:

WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(10)); 

wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("example"))); 

10. How do you perform mouse actions in Selenium WebDriver?

Using the Actions class:

Actions actions = new Actions(driver); 

actions.moveToElement(element).click().perform(); 

11. How do you take screenshots in Selenium WebDriver?

Using the TakesScreenshot interface:

File screenshot = ((TakesScreenshot)driver).getScreenshotAs(OutputType.FILE); 

12. How can you handle multiple windows in Selenium?

Using the getWindowHandles() method:

for (String handle : driver.getWindowHandles()) { 

   driver.switchTo().window(handle); 

} 

13. What are desired capabilities?

Desired Capabilities configure browser properties such as version, OS, or preferences.

14. What is the difference between findElement() and findElements()?

• findElement() returns the first matching element.
• findElements() returns a list of matching elements.

15. How do you handle frames in Selenium?

Using the switchTo() method:

driver.switchTo().frame("frameName"); 

16. How can you upload a file using Selenium WebDriver?

Using the sendKeys() method:

driver.findElement(By.id("fileUpload")).sendKeys("filePath"); 

17. What is the Page Object Model (POM)?

POM is a design pattern that creates separate classes for each page of an application to improve code readability and maintainability.

18. What are common exceptions in Selenium WebDriver?

• NoSuchElementException
• ElementNotVisibleException
• TimeoutException
• StaleElementReferenceException

19. How do you run Selenium tests in parallel?

Using TestNG with parallel execution configuration in the XML file:

<test name="ParallelTest" parallel="methods" thread-count="2"> 

20. How do you integrate Selenium WebDriver with CI/CD tools?

Integrating it with Jenkins or similar tools using build scripts (Maven/Gradle) to trigger tests automatically.

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