Difference Between Test Scenario, and Test Case :

1. Test Scenario

Definition: A test scenario is a high-level description of a specific functionality or feature of the system that needs to be tested. It provides a broad overview of what needs to be tested without getting into the specifics of the steps or expected results.

Purpose: Test scenarios help testers identify and plan the scope of the testing process. They act as guidelines or checkpoints for what needs to be validated in the system.

Content: It generally focuses on the what aspect (i.e., what is being tested) but does not detail the how or expected outcome.

Example:

Test Scenario 1: "Verify that a user can log in with valid credentials."

Test Scenario 2: "Check that the system processes a purchase transaction successfully."

Test Scenario 3: "Ensure that the application can handle multiple users accessing it simultaneously."

Test Scenario Characteristics:

Broader in scope.

Less detailed than a test case.

Focuses on the feature or functionality to be tested.

2. Test Case :

Definition: A test case is a detailed, step-by-step document that specifies how a specific scenario will be tested. It defines the test inputs, actions, and expected results for testing a particular feature or functionality in the system.

Purpose: The test case outlines the exact procedure to follow during testing and describes the expected behavior of the application. It ensures that testing is thorough and repeatable.

Content: It includes detailed information about the steps to execute, test data, expected results, and sometimes the actual results.

Example (for the "Login" scenario):

Test Case Name: Verify Login with Valid Credentials

Preconditions: User is registered and has valid credentials.

Test Steps:

Open the login page of the application.

Enter a valid username (e.g., "john_doe").

Enter a valid password (e.g., "password123").

Click the "Login" button.

Expected Result: The user is redirected to the homepage/dashboard.

Postconditions: User is logged in and can access the system.

Actual Result: (This would be filled in after executing the test case.)

Test Case Characteristics:

Detailed, with specific inputs and actions.

Includes expected outcomes.

A single test case is typically written to test one scenario or functionality.

It can be automated or executed manually.